Why certain diseases spread worldwide within no
time........?
The same thing that took place with COVID-19 in
2020...........!
These types of diseases are called COMMUNICABLE DISEASES-
spreads via communication with infected person itself, their discharges (Urine,
faeces, nasal discharge) or by vector.
Depending upon spread of it, they are assigned different
terminologies in the medical science. Let’s try to understand them
all..........
1. Sporadic-
These are diseases that occur at different places in a small numbers at
irregular interval, which are rare.
2. Epidemic-
Widespread outbreak of a particular disease in a community.
3. Endemic-
Cases or certain diseases regularly found in a set of people or a community.
4. Pandemic-
Disease spread that occurs rapidly and affects people across the globe.
In above terminologies, the word Outbreak is mentioned that
means that sudden occurrence of unexpected situation, in this case, Disease.
Still the question is why certain diseases spread more?
·
There are few ways in which disease can spread:
-- Air borne spread- Infective particles remain in the air and spreads to those
who breathe them, Contact spread- Spreads via direct contact with the infected
person, faecal oral spread- Spreads via contact with faeces or mouth, spread
via discharges.
Amongst all disease having Air borne spread, spreads
rapidly................
They are COVID-19, Seasonal flu, Tuberculosis, Aspergillosis
etc.
·
When the infected person sneezes, talks or coughs,
he will expel his nasal and throat secretion in the air which will remain there
for some time. When another person comes there and inhales the same air, that
person will also get infected. That is the reason of these diseases spreading
rapidly........
Experts have been stating continuously that it spreads
faster in the third stage.....
What are those stages? Who defined those?
According to the revised stages of pandemic spread by WHO (World
Health Organization), there are Four stages.
These are......
·
Stage one: - Those who travelled to the country
from where the disease originated, only tests positive for the disease. In this
stage, there is no local transmission.
·
Stage two: - People who are in close contact
with foreign travellers will test positive. This could be cured by quarantining
those who travelled abroad, which is easy.
·
Stage three: - This is the most dangerous stage
where people who did not travel to affected countries also test positive for
the virus, which is called community spread. In this stage the number of cases
will rise exponentially.
·
Stage four: - This is the most fearful stage in
which there will be sudden increase in cases in different areas. It becomes
sort of an epidemic, and controlling it will be next to impossible.
The easiest stage in which disease could be and should be
controlled is Stage 1, by restricting travel to the affected countries. Once it
goes beyond this stage.....it is very hard to get control over........ But...........NOT
IMPOSSIBLE....!
If that happens, these are some preventive measures to be
taken..........,
1. Limit
Going Out- In stage 3, there are disease spreading droplets in the air. So, if
the person goes out, he is at risk of breathing that droplet and falling victim
to that disease.
2. Wear
personal protective equipments—Mouth mask, Eye protection devices and Gloves. This
could help protect the entry points of the body – Mouth, Nose and Eyes.
3. Hydrate
yourself- When the person is dehydrated, the mucosa tends to crack, which is
more prone to attack by any pathogen. So, keep seeping water.
4. Sanitize
everything that you bring home- there are certain things that we cannot live
without-Vegetables, Milk and Flour. After we bring it home from the store,
clean it properly before use, as it might contain the droplet of the
virus.
Rather than focusing on curing any disease outbreak...............Prevention
is much easier, economical and better.
Most importantly,
In the time of crisis, do not panic. Discuss with people
around you about the way forward, request media to bring the Doctors on the front-line for decision making regarding the crisis.
So,
Stay alert, not anxious. ......
Let me know in the comments below, how many crisis of this
kind, you have seen in your lifetime.............?